Albumin blood (serum) test

定义

Albumin is a 蛋白质 made by the liver. A serum albumin test measures the amount of this 蛋白质 in the clear liquid portion of the blood.

Albumin can also be measured in the 尿液.

How the Test is Performed

A 血液样本 是必要的.

How to Prepare for the Test

The health care provider may tell you to temporarily stop taking certain medicines that can affect the test. Drugs that can increase albumin levels include:

• 合成代谢类固醇
• 雄激素
• 生长激素
• 胰岛素

Do not stop taking any of your medicines without talking to your provider first.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

Albumin helps move many small molecules through the blood, including 胆红素, calcium, progesterone, and some medicines. It plays an important role in keeping the fluid in the blood from leaking into the tissues.

This test can help determine if you have 肝脏疾病 or kidney disease, or if your body is not absorbing enough 蛋白质.

正常的结果

The normal range is 3.4 to 5.4 g/dL (34 to 54 g/L).

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Lower-than-normal level of serum albumin may be a sign of:

• 肾脏疾病
• Liver disease (for example, 肝炎 or 肝硬化 这可能会导致 腹水 [fluid buildup in the abdomen])

Decreased blood albumin may occur when your body does not get or absorb enough nutrients, 例如with:

• After weight-loss surgery
• 乳糜泻 (damage of the lining of the small intestine due to eating gluten)
• 克罗恩病 (inflammation of the digestive tract)
• 低蛋白饮食
• 惠普尔疾病 (condition that prevents the small intestine from allowing nutrients to pass into the rest of the body)

Increased blood albumin may be due to:

• 脱水
• 高蛋白饮食
• Having a tourniquet on for a long time when giving a 血液样本

Drinking too much water (water intoxication) may also cause abnormal albumin results.

Other conditions for which the test may be performed:

• 伯恩斯(普遍)
• 威尔逊的疾病 (condition in which there is too much copper in the body)

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another, and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood collecting under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

注意事项

If you are receiving large amounts of intravenous fluids, the results of this test may be inaccurate.

Albumin will be decreased during pregnancy.

参考文献

麦克弗森拉. 特定的蛋白质. In: 麦克弗森拉, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 20.